Medical Dictionary - 1870s

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1870s

Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
Decades: 1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s
Years: 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879

Contents

1 Events and Trends

1.1 Technology
1.2 Science
1.3 War, peace and politics
1.4 Other

2 World Leaders

Events and Trends

Technology

Invention of the telephone (1876) and phonograph (1877)

Science

Ludwig Boltzmann's statistical definition of thermodynamic entropy

War, peace and politics

Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) results in the collapse of the Second French Empire and in the formation of both the French Third Republic and the German Empire
Continuing expansion of the British Empire; beginning of the New Imperialism
Bulgaria and Romania declare independence following war against Turkey

Other

In the United States, continuation of post-Civil War reconstruction until its conclusion under President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1877

World Leaders

Emperor Franz Josef (Austria-Hungary)
Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald (Canada)
Prime Minister Alexander Mackenzie (Canada)
Tongzhi Emperor (China)
Guangxu Emperor (China)
Emperor Wilhelm I (Germany)
Chancellor Otto von Bismarck (Germany)
King Victor Emmanuel II (Italy)
King Umberto I (Italy)
Emperor Meiji (Japan)
Pope Pius IX
Pope Leo XIII
Emperor Alexander II (Russia)
Queen Victoria (United Kingdom)
Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone (United Kingdom)
Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli (United Kingdom)
President Ulysses S. Grant (United States)
President Rutherford B. Hayes (United States)

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