The St. Croix River is a river in northeastern North America, 62 miles (102 km) in length, that forms part of the International Boundary between Maine (U.S.) and New Brunswick (Canada). It rises in the Chiputneticook Lakes near Vanceboro, Maine and flows south and southeast, between Calais and St. Stephen. It empties into Passamaquoddy Bay, in the Bay of Fundy.
St. Croix Island in its lower estuary was the site of the 1604 Acadian settlement founded by Pierre Dugua de Monts (Sieur de Monts) and Samuel de Champlain.
The total drainage area of the river is approximately 1,500 square miles. In the 20th century, the river was heavily developed for hydroelectric power. The river had previously hosted a large population of Atlantic salmon, although salmon runs were reduced after building power dams upriver from Calais-St. Stephen.
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